Ukuthi Yini U-Weishu Uqondisa Isikhombisi Sembili Yokuphatha Izhakhiwo Ngaphambi Kokuthengiselwa Kwemithombo

Akukwazi ukuthi isikhombisi esigcwele sokuphatha izhakhiwo sifundiswe ngokufaka imithombo kusendaweni esele esihlukile ekhaya emva kokuthengiselwa kwazo. Imizilingo yamathanki, amasiko okuvula, ukufikelela kwabasebenzi, ukususa amafutha, amasiko okusebenza, ukufaka, ukuchitha, nokufaka kuzoba zingahambelana nokugcina isikhombisi.

Ku-Weishu, ukuplanisha isikhombisi kuyekwa ngaphambi kokuthumela isikhombisi semithombo esikhulu ukuthengiselwe. Sibheka kwanasezinye izinto zokusebenza kwisikhombisi, ukuguquka, ukubeka emakhosini, isikhumbuzo, nokusebenza kwezindawo ezithile. imishini yokudla neziphuzo zibe inqubo engafakwa, isetshenziswe, ihlanzwe futhi inakekelwe njengomugqa owodwa.

Lesi sihloko sichaza ulwazi esilusebenzisayo nezinqumo eziyinhloko iqembu lethu lonjiniyela elizenza lapho kwenziwa ukwakheka kokuqala.

1. ukuhlaziywa Siqala Ngokuhamba Komkhiqizo

Umdwebo wokuqala awuyona ikhathalogi yemishini. Liyibalazwe lokuhamba komkhiqizo.

Kuye ngomsebenzi, ukugeleza kungase kuqale ngokwamukela ubisi olungavuthiwe, ukulayisha izithelo, ukondla ngempuphu, ukuhlanza amanzi, noma ukulungiselela izithako. Khona-ke ingase idlule ekugcinweni, ekuxubeni, ekuhlukaniseni, ekuhlanganiseni, ekucutshungweni okushisayo, ekuvutsheni, ekugcwaliseni, ekupakisheni kwesibili nasekugcinweni komkhiqizo ophelile.

Siwabeka ngokulandelana la mathiphu ngaphambi kokuba sinqume ukuthi umshini ngamunye uzohlala kuphi. Lokhu kusisiza ukuba sinciphise ibanga lokudlulisela elingadingekile futhi sithole lapho imizila yemikhiqizo ihlukana khona noma ihlangana khona.

Isibonelo:

• a indawo yokuthengela umlomo wenqanawa idinga indlela ecacile yokwamukela ubisi olungavuthiwe ngokusebenzisa ukupholisa nokugcwalisa;
• a umbhako wokuhweba i-Yogurt kufanele kwezinye izinkambo zokusebenza kwe-tanki yokufometha, ukusebenzisa izinkambo, ukuchitha, nokuthumela izinto eziyisikhala;
• indlela yokusebenzisa amafuriti kufune indawo yokubeka amathuba okusebenza nekukhulula izinto ezikwinye phambi kokusebenza kwamanzi;
• indlela yokuhlanza amanzi engaphandle kokugcina kufune ukuxhumana okuphelele ngokuhlinzekile phakathi kwekugcina kokuphatha ngokuphelele nokufaka;

Ngokuzingela umsebenzi kuqala, siyekha ukusebenzisa amapipi nekuthumela njengokusebenza esandla sakho;

2. Sibonisa Ukukhula Kwesikhundla Sokusebenza

Ukukhula kuhora ngu-1 kuphela kwezinkambo zokubeka indawo. Isithakazelo sethu sijabula inani lemahora okusebenza, izigaba zokusebenza, isikhundla sokusebenza ngusuku, izifomethi zokusebenza, izifomethi zokufaka, isikhundla sokucleansa, nokuthatha isikhundla sokukhula.

Indawo yokubeka izigaba kungafanele kubhekise indawo enkulu kune-continuous process skid ekuyindawo eyodwa. Umfaka kufanele akhule indawo yokufaka izifomethi, iziparti zokufaka, ukujabula, ukuthumela, ukufaka emaphakethini, nokudlala kwezimpilo. Ukufometha noma ukugcina kufanele kubhekise izitanki eziningi nakuba kukhona itanki yokuqala kuphela yokuphatha ngokuphelele.

Ngakho-ke silungiselela uhlelo olulula lokukhiqiza kanye nohlelo lokusebenzisa ithangi. Lokhu kubonisa:

• inani lamaqoqo adingekayo;
• isikhathi esitsheni ngasinye esihlala sisebenza;
• ukuthi ngabe iqoqo elilandelayo lingalungiswa ngaphambi kokuba isigaba esiqhubekayo sisidinge yini;
• lapho kwenzeka i-CIP;
• ukuthi ukugcwaliswa kuyalinganisela yini umugqa;
• lapho kudingeka khona amandla okufaka i-buffer.

Khona-ke ukuhlelwa kusekelwe enanini lemishini esebenzayo, hhayi nje kuphela ekuhambeni kwe-headline.

3. Ukuphila okujabulisayo Sihlukanisa Ukuhamba Kwemikhiqizo Engalulutho, Ecutshungulwe Nepakishwe

Izimboni zokudla zidinga ukuhamba okunengqondo kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, izithako, ukupakisha, abasebenzi, imfucuza nemikhiqizo eqediwe. Lezi zinsiza akufanele zidlule ngokungadingekile.

Phakathi nokuhlela ukwakheka, sikhomba:

• amaphuzu okwamukela izinto zokusetshenziswa;
• ukugcinwa kwezithako nokupakisha;
• ukungena endaweni yenqubo;
• imfucuza kanye nemikhiqizo eseceleni;
• imizila yomkhiqizo ophelile;
• izindawo zokushintsha abasebenzi nezindawo zokuhlanzeka;
• ukufinyelela kokugcinwa okungaphazamisi ukukhiqizwa.

Izindawo eziqondile zokuhlanzeka zixhomeke kumkhiqizo nasezimfuneko zendawo. Singathuthukisa ukuhlelwa kwemishini kanye nezixhumi zokuxhumana zenqubo, kuyilapho amakhasimende's izakhiwo zendawo kanye nochwepheshe bokuphepha kokudla baqinisekisa ukuhlelwa kokugcina, ukwakhiwa kwegumbi, ukuphefumula, ukuphepha komlilo, kanye nemibandela yokulawula.

4. Ukubamba iqhaza Sibhekela Indawo Yokusebenza Nokunakekela

Umbiko wokusebenzela uyabonisa kuphela amandla amancane. Ayabonisani konke okudingekayo emuva kwesikhundla sesithili.

Ukubona kwethu kwezinhlelo zokusebenza kuthatha ngamandla:

• ukuvula isikhumba sokugcina;
• ukususa imotola yomkhweba noma isikhumbi sokufaka;
• ukubona isikhumbi sokuphakama kwezinkampani;
• ukufihla amavavuli nezinkampani;
• ukubuyisela amasili wepampu;
• ukuhambisa izintonga zokucima nezinto ezilungileyo zokuzinikwa;
• ukuphakama noma ukususa iziqondiso ezingaphezulu;
• ukufihla ngempilo kwezinhlelo zokufihla nezinhlelo zokuphuma;
• indawo yokusebenza ezungeze amapaneli kagesi.

Ithangi lingangena phakathi kwezindonga ezimbili futhi kube nzima ukuligcina lisesimweni esihle. I-slide yenqubo ingangena ngaphansi kophahla futhi iswele isikhala sokuxhuma amapayipi noma ukususwa kwezingxenye. Siyakumaka lokhu ngaphambi kokuqinisekisa izindawo zemishini.

5. Ukubamba iqhaza Sihlela Ukufakwa Kwezinto Zokwakha Ukufinyelela

Umzila osetshenziselwa ukufaka imishini ungahluka endleleni esetshenziswa opharetha ngemuva kokuqalisa ukusebenza.

Sibheka:

• ubukhulu bomnyango nesango;
• ukuvuleka kophahla noma odongeni;
• amaphuzu okuphakamisa;
• ububanzi bephaseji;
• irediyasi yokujika;
• amazinga phansi nezinyathelo;
• ukufinyelela nge-crane noma i-forklift;
• ukulandelana lapho amathangi amakhulu nama-skid kufanele angene khona.

Uma umkhumbi ungakwazi ukungena esakhiweni esiqediwe, iphrojekthi ingadinga ukuvulwa kwesakhiwo noma ukulandelana kokuthumela okuhlukile. Ukuxazulula lokhu emdwebeni kulula kunokukubona lapho imishini ifika endaweni.

6. Ukuphila okuphakade Sithuthukisa Umqondo Wokuxhuma Kwezinsiza

Yonke imigqa yokukhiqiza ixhomeke ezikhungweni zokuxhumana. Ukuhlelwa kufanele kubonelele ngemigwaqo esebenzayo:

• umthelela wokusebenza;
• umusi noma enye indlela yokushisa;
• amanzi apholile namanzi okupholisa;
• amanzi okusebenzisa;
• uhlobo lwesifuba esikhanyiswe;
• ukuchitha;
• Ukunikezwa nokubuyiselwa kwe-CIP;
• ukuthintela imithombo yamaphrojekthi nezokusebenza;
• izikhombisi zedatha nezokomandela.

Sizokwazi kwanakabili abasebenzisi bezokusebenza nabizo bezokugxilwa. Emva kwalokho sizigqamisa izinkambo lapho kufanele, futhi sizihlanganise izindlela nezinhlobo zezinye izinkambo.

Izinkambo zokuproduceka izokusebenza zifuna isikhumba sokusebenza, ukuvulula amafutha, ukusebenzisa izinkemikaleni, ukuservisa, nokubuyisela emva kwalokho. Uma umkhasi uyathemba ukuthi u-Weishu azifunde izinkambo zokuproduceka izokusebenza kwiprojekthi, sizidinga ukuthi ukudistributeka kwesite kwenziwe ngokwethu noma kwenziwe ngokulocal.

7. Sihlanganisa ukuthintela neukuchitha

Ukuchitha kubangela ubuningi beplani yokuqala kanye nezidingo zokwakha indlu. Izitanki, izipipeline, izipasturayiza, izifilaya, nezindawo zokuchitha zinakwakha izinkinga zokuthintela ezahlukene.

Ukuthakazelisa kwethu kuthakazela izikhombiso zokuchitha (CIP), izindlela zokubuyela, izindawo zokuthintela, nezinkambo ezingadinga ukuchithwa ngokwamanje. Emva kwalokho, itimu yengineyeringi yelokalile yomkhasi iyasebenzisa leli hloko ukwenza ukuthintela kwezindawo, ukukhala kwezindawo zokuthintela, ukuthintela kwezindawo zokuthintela, ukusebenzisa izinkemikaleni, nokuthakazelisa ukuthintela.

Siyakhohlwa ukuthi sifaka izinkampani zokusebenza kwelektrikhi ezinamaphoyinti okukhishwa kwezilwanyana noma izinto zokwakha ezingafuneki kufakwa kulezi zindawo ozokufaka amanzi ngokuphelele. Sihloka futhi ukuthi izilwanyana zokusebenza zokuphatha izinto zingatholakala nokukhishwa ngokwesithembiso sokubhalwa kwesikhombisa.

8. Sifakela indawo yokufaka nekuphakamisa ngokufanana nendlela yokusebenza

Indawo yokufaka ayisibhokisi esincane esifakwe end of the layout. Ukugcina izipaki, ukuzama izipaki, ukufika kwe-filler, izikonveya, ukukhomba, ukulandelwa, ukuphakama kwesibili, nokuhambisa izinto eziphakamile zonke zidinga indawo.

Sivumisa:

• isimo nesize sokupaki;
• ukuphakama kwezinto okuphakamile kokufaka;
• inombolo yezimo;
• indlela yokufaka izinto;
• indlela yokufaka isibhakabhaka noma ukuvimba;
• ukufika ekukhishweni nokuguqula;
• ukuphakisha kwesokuphambili;
• indlela yokuhamba kwi-cold-room noma kwi-warehouse.

Lokhu kusiza sibalance isisekelo sesokuphambili nesisekelo sesokuphakisha ngempela. Kusiza futhi ukungavumela ipasteurizer noma isistimu se-UHT ukuba yisikhundla phambi kokufinyelela kwe-filler uma akasizwa ukuthi yisiphi isikhundla sokufinyelela.

9. Siphakamisa Amathuluzi Okuphakama Nokubona Kwabasebenzi

Amaphaneli okuphakama, amastesheni esikhundla, amasensha, nabahambisi basebenzi kufanele bakhuthaze indlela yesisekelo. Abasebenzi kufanele bakhonde amaphroblemi, bafikele emivalweni yezandla lapho kufanele, bakhuthe izampulu, baphinde bahlale bavumela ukuthi iprodukti ihambisana ngaphandle kokudlula ezindaweni ezingafanele.

Kwemilayini eyisikwele, sizifunda isikhundla sesiphaneli esikhulu sokuphakama nokuphatha kwe-field wiring, amanetwork amahlanganisi, namacable trays. Sihlale sithanda ukuthi isikhundla esisuka kusithi isikhundla sokugcina amarekodi okusebenza, amadokhumenti okuqinisekisa ubukhulu, neminformesheni yokuphatha.

Ukuphakama akakwazi ukucorrect isikhundla esingafanele. Izinkampani, izitshixo, izithombe, nezithuluzi zokuphakama kufanele zibhalwe ngokuhlanganisa.

10. Sishaya Indlela Echazwe Yokunqoba

Abaningi abaningi baphakamisa ukuthi baya kudalula isikhundla sesibhakisi esesibili, izinkampani eziningi, iprodukthi ezingine, noma ubukhulu obungaphezulu emuva kwalokho. Isikhundla sokuphakamisa sisebenza kuphela xa kubizwa izinkokhelo zokugcina ekuphakameni kwakwesibhakisi esikwenziwe kwanqamuka.

Sisizathola:

• yiliphi ikhompoyenti esiyakwenzela ngokuvamile;
• ukuthi izihlalo zesifundo sezinkampani zitholakala ngokwesikhundla;
• ukuthi izinkampani eziningi zingakhanyelwa kuphi;
• ukuthi iziphakathi nezinhlanhla zingakhanyelwa ngokuvamile;
• ukuthi inkhompha entsha ingafika kanjani ekhaya;
• ukuthi ukuprodukha kufanele kusimame ngokuphakama.

Asikwazi ukuthi sifaka ngokuzenzakale isikhundla esikhulu kwekhompoyenti yonke. Kodwa, sibonisa isikhundla sokuhlanganiswa okusebenzayo nokubona izinkokhelo zokugcina ngokuvamile ngokuvumela isikhundla sokuphakama kwanqamuka sokuprodukha.

Okusidingekayo Ukwenza Isikhundla Sokuphakamisa

Umbhalo wokwakhiwa okunconywa kakhulu ngumqondo wokuqala ngu:

1. ubhalo lwesikhulu ngezindawo zokugcina;
2. izinkundla, izinyango, izindlebe zokusula, nezindawo zokuphakamisa amasiko;
3. ulistu lwezinto ezisetyenziswa kwayo nezinto ezingenalo ukusebenza;
4. ukuphakamisa kwesihora kunye nokuphakamisa kwesibini;
5. izigaba zokufaka kanye nomkhombiso wokusebenza;
6. izithayile zokupakisha, izizekelo, kunye nemiphumela yokupakisha;
7. izinkambo ezitholakala;
8. isimo sokusebenzisa izixhobo zokuzilungiselela;
9. izimpendulo zokuhlanjulwa kwezinsiza kanye nezimpendulo zokwakhiwa kwezinsiza;
10. umbhalo wokuphakamisa kusasa;
11. izinkqubo, ukufaka, nokuvumela kwezinkambo eziphathelene ne-Weishu.

Ukuba indawo ayikho nangoku, singaqala ngokwenza izinkinga zokusebenza nokusuka kwezindawo. Umtsetfo wokwakha nokubhalisa wekhaya lomkhosi ungafaka amazwi okukhethwa kwezinkqubo nokuvumela kwezinkambo kwezindawo zakhe.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Kungakwazi u-Weishu ukwenza isithu sakhiya uma indawo yami ayikho nangoku?

Yebo. Singaqala ngokwenza izinkinga zokuprodukisa, isilinganisi sokuprodukisa, isikhundla sokupack, nokwenza izinkinga zokusebenza, futhi sizenze isithu sokukhetha izinkqubo nokusuka kwezindawo. Ukugcina kokwakha kwezindawo nokwenza izinkinga zokuzinikela kwezindawo kufanele kwenziwe ngokuphelele futhi kubuyiswe ngabaphathi abakhulekile bakolweni.

Iyiphi indlela yokuthumela ifayela?

Ukubhala kwesikhundla kwe-CAD kunezinto eziningi, kodwa ifayela le-PDF elibonakalayo lingasebenza ekubhalingeni kokuqala. Faka amadlozi, amacolumn, ubude bewesikhundla, amasilo, izihlalo zewesikhundla, nemiloko yokufika.

Ngabe isikhundla esincane kakhulu sokukhetha izinkqubo sisenza isithu esihle kakhulu?

Hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukuhleleka okuqinile kunganciphisa ukuhlanza, ukulungisa, ukufaka nokusebenza ngokuphepha. Silinganisela ukusetshenziswa kwendawo esezingeni eliphansi namagumbi okuhlanza adingekayo nokuhamba kwenqubo.

Kufanele kukhethwe nini ukugcwalisa?

Indlela yokugcwalisa kanye neyokugcwalisa kufanele ichazwe kusenesikhathi ngoba ukuphuma kwe-filler, izixhumi zokuhlanzeka, ukondla kwepakethe, izithwali, nokupakisha kwesibili kuthinta amandla nenqubo.

Ingabe ukwakheka kungashintshwa ngemva kokuqala ukukhiqizwa kwemishini?

Ezinye izinguquko zingase zenzeke, kodwa izinguquko ezinobukhulu betanki, ukuma komlomo, ukuhlelwa kwe-skid, imizila yamapayipi, izilawuli, noma ukuxhumana kwezinto eziwusizo kungathinta izindleko nesimiso. Ngakho-ke, siyaqinisekisa ukuthi isisekelo esiyinhloko sokwakheka ngaphambi kokukhulula imishini ukuze ikhiqizwe.

Qala Ingxoxo Yakho Yokuhlela Nge-Weishu

Xhuma itimu yamaphakathi yokuqonda ngomkhiqizo wakho, umkhiqizo okuhlosiwe, uhlelo lwephakeji, izinsiza ezikhona, nomdwebo wesakhiwo. Ungabuyekeza futhi iinkondlo Zokusebenzisa ukuze ubone izinhlobo zamaprojekthi okwenziwa kwawo ubisi, ujusi neziphuzo asekelwa imishini yethu. Sizosebenzisa ulwazi lwakho ukuze sixoxe ngokuhamba kwenqubo yokuqala, ukuhlelwa kwemishini, nemingcele yephrojekthi.