Indawo Yokusebenzisa Iimpahla Ezininzi Yokudla Yomlilo Wokuphatha Umilki Nokuthiwa Kwesikolo Sokubhala

Umsebenzisi we-dairy ungathanda ukuprodukisa izililo zombili zokudla kanye nezililo zokudla zokushisa ngaphandle kokubanga izililo ezimbili zokusebenza ngokwesibonelo. Izililo zingashiyela izinkambo zezinye zezindawo zokusebenza, izinkambo zokusebenza kanye nezinkambo zokuchitha, kodwa izindlela zokusebenza zizihlukana emuva kokushisa.

Izililo zokudla zokushisa zingahamba kusuka kusukela ekuchitheni, ekugcinweni ngokuphelele kwezintandokazi, kanye nokufaka. Izililo zokudla zokushisa zingadinga ukufaka izinkambo zokushisa, ukuthi zibe nesikhathi sokushisa, ukuchitha, ukufaka izililo zokudla zokushisa kanye nokufaka ngokwesibonelo esifanayo nesikhathi sokushisa kanye nesikhuluma. Ukusebenza okuhle kwesililo sokusebenza kusuka kumaphuzu amabili kuyidinga ukuphakamisa izililo zokusebenza, ukugcina izinkambo, ukuziphatha izivale, ukuchitha, kanye nokufaka—kodwa akadinga ukuthi ipasturayiza yisikhathi sokusebenza kuphela.

Ku-Weishu, sithunywa izinkambo eziphathelene nazo esikhiyweni sakho yokusebenza kanye nokuprodukisa izililo zokudla kwiqembu elinye lezindlela. Sibhalisa izimodu ezingashiyi kanye nezimodu ezingafanele zibe yilokho kuphela, emva kwalokho sibeka isikhathi sezinkampani, izindlela zokugcina amasiko, izindlela zokulawula, izindlela zokucisha (CIP), kanye nezindlela zokufaka ngaphakathi ngokuchaza ukuthi umsebenzi wendawo yomkhakha wakho uyisiphi.

Ukuchaza Umsebenzi Uyaphela Kwanoku

Thola konke amasuku okuphela kanye nokubhalisa ngokuhambisana nesidingo sokusebenza:

• umilki othile, omkhakha, noma omkhakha wokushisa;
• umakhakha wokuvalelwa noma umakhakha wokuvula;
• umakhakha wokudla noma umilki owodwa;
• umakhakha ongena noma umakhakha owenziwe ngomphini;
• umilki omusha noma umilki owenzelwe ngokubuyisa kusukela ekwakhiweni;
• ukupakisha kwiqebhe, ikhabinethi, ipowchi, noma ikhadi.

Ngasinye sesithuthi, bhalisa ivolumu yokudla ngosuku, ubungako bezinkampani, ubungako bekupakisha, isikhathi sokugcina, indawo yokuthengisa, kanye nomkhakha wokuguqula. Le matriksi yilifundamenteli yekubhalisa umsebenzi.

Ungakwazi ukuthi izinkampani zombili zeyogurt zisebenzisa izitanki ezifanayo noma umlando wokufaka. Iyogurt esihlukileyo isihlukileyo kusuka kumkhawulo wakho wokugcina, ngakho-ke iyogurt esihlukileyo isihlukileyo kusuka kusitanki futhi ekhulula, isibeka emhlabathini, isihlukileyo njengoba kufanele, futhi isifakwe. Iyogurt yokudla inokubika izindlela zokuhlanganisa futhi izindlela zokubeka ubungozi.

Amaphuzu Amanye Osebenza Ngaphezulu

Ngokwesikhundla esivumelwe, izinyangahle zilandelayo zingashiywa kusobala.

Ukubuyisela Amilki Futhi Ukubeka Emhlabathini

Indawo yokubuyisela inokufaka ukubuyisela kwemithambo, ukuchitha noma ukuphatha, amapumpu okuhambisa, futhi ukubeka emhlabathini amilki angafanele. Isibonelo sokudelela kufanele sibhali indlela yokubringa, isivinini sokubuyisela, isikhathi esiphezulu sokubeka, inombolo yezikhundla zomilki, indlela yokunquma, futhi inqumo yokuclean.

Izitanki zomilki angafanele zibe nezindawo ezifanele ukubeka umilki okubringwe futhi ukusebenza ngokwesikhundla. Kufanele zibe nezindlela zokuhambisa, ukulawula isikhathi, ukubala isilinganiso, ukufikelela, futhi ukuclean kuzo konke.

Ukuvumela Nokubeka Izinqumo

Ukuvumela ukuthi imilki yisilinganiso esifanayo nesilinganiso sesithembiso. Uma kufundwa ukuthi imilki ephindwe noma izinhlangano ezihlelwe ziyathakelwa, umkhono wokuthiwa kwamandla, ukubambisana, ukuphatha, nokuthenga kwesilinganiso kuyadingeka.

Ukuseparatha ukuthenga kwamandla kungakhula ukuthi kubhekene nezinkinga zokuhlanganisa izikhathi. Akukwenzekile ukuthi isitanki sokubala isilayela noma isitanki sokuvimba sisho isitanki esisodwa noma esisikhuba. Umugqa wokwenza izinhlangano kufanele ukubonisa lapho umandla uyathakelwa futhi ukuthi ukuthakela kususwe njani.

Ukubambisana nokupasteuriza

Imilki yezinhlangano ezinye zingathola ukubambisana nokupasteuriza, kodwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ne-umugqa okudingekile kufanele kuboniswa ngalokho ngalokho. Isistimu yokudirektra kufanele ikhulume izilinganiso ukuze asenziwe ngokwehlanhle kanye nokubhala izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi.

Lapho isithuthu samaqondiso samnye sisebenza ngamazinhlangano amaningi, bheka:

• isiphelo sokufika kwamandla;
• isibonelelo sokuzwa kanye nokuthi kuyabona njani;
• izinkundla zokuchaza kanye nokuhlala;
• isikhathi sokuguqula kanye nokucwashela;
• ukuthintela phansi kwezinsizakwane zokugcina okungcono noma ukuthintela kwenye indlela;
• ukugcina nokubufa kwezindawo phambi nokuphambili kokusebenzisa;
• ukuthintela phakathi kwemilayezo yezinto ezibalulekileyo neyokusebenzisa.

Umsebenzi owavunyelwe ngu-processor nokuthi ngumthwalo wakhe, futhi ngumthwalo wethu wezinkambo zokuphepha kwezinto ezibalulekileyo. Ukuchaza kwesixoxo sokusebenza kusiza le mifanekiso kodwa akasivalela ukuvunyelwa.

Kwaphi Umsebenzi Wasepari

Umsebenzi Wokuphatha Amilki

Kwethu indawo yokuthengela umlomo wenqanawa , ukuthi umsebenzi wokuphatha okuvunyelwe uqhubeka ngokugcina, ukuthintela kwezinto ezibalulekileyo ngendlela ephathelene nesikhundla, ukuthintela kwezindawo zokugcina uma kudingeka, nokufaka. Kuma-plant okuhlanganisa, sithintela le mifanekiso kumsebenzi wokuphamba phambili okuhlanganisa kodwa sibuyisela ukuthi umsebenzi wokuphamba emuva kwayo nokufaka kuyisikhundla esihlukaniswe.

Imibuzo eyodwa yokuplanina:

• Ingakahleli ukufaka kuyisikhundla sokuphatha amilki noma kufakelwa kumbhanki yokugcina?
• Isikhathi esingakwamukelwa ngokuphelele phambi kokufaka?
• Ukuthi yini okwenziwa ukulinda iprodukthi ekwenziwe ngokuvamile ngokugcina kuyi?
• Ingakwazi ukubambisana nokudluliswa kweprodukthi?
• Yini okwenziwa uma kubhekwa isikhathi sokungadluliswa kweprodukthi?
• Izihlobo zokupakisha nezinhlobo zokuvumela zilidinga kuphi?

Ukupakisha kusuka kubonisa isikhathi sokusebenza sokuzo, ngakho ke ukufaka nokugcina emuva kwayo kufanele kubhalwe ngaphambi kwezinye izinto.

Indlela Yokuphakamisa Amasipha

Kwamasipha akhathalekayo, si- umbhako wokuhweba i-Yogurt sikholisa amasi ekwenziwe ngokuvamile ukuze kuboneke isikhathi sokufaka okuchazwe ngokufanekisekile kwe-resep, sifaka kwi-tanki yokufika, futhi sithuthukisa ukufaka okuvamile nokufika. Emva kwalokho, iprodukthi ikholiswa futhi ishishinwa ngokucacile noma ifakwa kwi-flavor futhi ifakwa.

Ukuplanisa i-tanki kufanele kubhekwe izinto ezilandelayo:

• indlela yokunqamuka;
• ubuncane besilinga sesilinga;
• ukubhalwa kwesilinga sokuphela kwesilinga;
• ukuthwasa okufanele kumfanekiso wokugcina;
• ukusebenza kwesilinga nokusika kwesilinga;
• ukubalisa izilwane noma isithonjana;
• indlela yokuthintela iprodukthi eyisilinga;
• ukucwashwa kwesilinga kwezivali, amachini, nezilo zokubuyela emuva.

Inombolo yezitanki zesilinga iyaphendula isikhathi sesibindi nasezindawo zokufuna ngosuku. Isiphasi sokuvulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo singabhalisa amilki kuhluke kunesitanki esilinga kusilinga, ngoko ke inombolo yezitanki nesivolumu siyakwakha kusilinga sokugcina.

Ukuphakamisa Kweprodukthi Kwezilinye Ezihlanganisiwe

Ukusebenzisa izinhlangano eziningi zezinto zokusebenza kusakala ukuthi kubhekwe isikhathi esihle. Yenza isikhombiso sesibili esifana nalesi:

• ukulanda amaswidi amahhala;
• amaphepha we-milk ephasteurizwe;
• ukubekisa amaswidi we-yogurt;
• ukusebenzisa isikhumbuzo sokufementa;
• ukubekisa izindlela zokuhamba nezilwane;
• ukuguqula izibhalo zokupakisha;
• ukuguqula izinto zokusebenza;
• ukuchaza okwesikhathi esihlukene nokwesikhathi sonke sokuchaza;
• ukuvumela ubukhulu;
• ukugcina ngokuplaniswa.

Hlalutsha iziprodukthi ukuze ubophelele ukucisha okungafanelekile kanye nokuphula isikhundla sokuhlanganisa. Ukuguqula izinkomo zokubhala noma izinkomo zokufaka kungabangela inkulumo engeyona yezinye ezibalulekile kunezinye zokuguqula iziprodukthi zokwakhiwa ngokufanayo.

Umbiko wokusebenza kufanele wachaze ukuthi kuzoba kanjani xa isikhundla sokufaka sibeka, noma xa isibonelo sesifuba sibeka, noma xa amilki amahle ayafika emuva. Amatanki okugcina kungasiza, kodwa kuyabonga ukucisha, isikhathi sokugcina, nokuchaza ukuthi kuzoba kanjani ukuthi iziprodukthi ziya kusuka kuthi na kuphela.

Ukuchaza i-tanki nokuvumela isikhundla sokusebenza

Isivolumu esisemthethweni sase-tanki asingumfanekiso wokuvumela isivolumu sokusebenza. Kufanele kubhalwe isikhundla sokuphuma, ukuthatha isikhundla sokuhambisana, isikhundla sokuphuma kwesifo, isikhundla esincinci, isikhundla sokuphakama noma ukulula, nokuchaza izithombe zokuziphatha.

Izinkomo zokusebenza zase-tanki zingaba zikhiywa njengazo:

• ukugcina amilki amahle;
• ukuchaza izinkomo noma izipowdha;
• ukubalansisa amilki okuzimela;
• ukugcina amilki okuzimela;
• ukuthatha kwesitha sokufaka isitha;
• ukubhala izindlu zemifula;
• isikhumba sokufaka isitha esiphakathi;
• Ukwenza nokubuyela indlela yokuchitha.

Amaphoyisa amaningi angashintshwa, kodwa amanye kumele abe nendlela eyodwa. Ukuphakamisa kuyisahluko sokugcina isikhumba, ukuthi izinhlanzi zingahambanani, isikhathi, nokuthi ukushintsha kuyabizwa ngokuphansi. Isitha sokusebenzisa isikhumba ngasinye isihora sesikhathi sokusebenza kuyindlela encane yokubona izinkomba phambi kokuthenga izinkambo.

Ukufaka nokuhlanganisa kwezinkambo ezinomthwalo wezinkambo.

Amilki okuphephile neyogurt azidinga amafiller amabili ngoba ziyathinta ukuthi zingabi nesilinganiso, isikhumba, isikhumba sokugcina, nokuthi zingabi nesilinganiso sokufaka. Uma umthengisi ufuna umafiller omunye wokusebenza ngamazwi amabili, sibheka isilinganiso sokuthi amilki neyogurt ayithinta ngokuphelele nokuthi isikhumba sokufaka kuyasebenza ngokuphelele futhi sibhekise ukuthi kuyasebenza ngokuphelele phambi kokuthi kusetyenziswa kwezinkambo.

Isiprojekthi sifuna futhi:

• ukuthenga nokugcina izinkambo zokufaka;
• ukubhala nokubheka;
• ukusebenzisa ithuba, isitayela noma isikhwama;
• ukuhlisa iphrojekthi ekuphelile uma kudingeka;
• isikhundla sesikhumba sokuhlisa;
• ukulawula itemperetsha yokuhambisa;
• isikhundla sokuhlanza nokuthatha amapharti okufaka.

Umugqa wokusebenza akwazi ukuphela uma umugqa wokufaka noma wokuhlisa akwazi ukwamukela iphrojekthi yakhe.

Ukuchitha, ukuziphatha ngokomkhosi, nokwahlukanisa iphrojekthi

Isistimu esishiywe kufanele sifunwe ngamagugu okuchitha. Ngamagugu ka-nye kufanele kunezinhlobo zokuvumela ukuvaleka, ukubamba, ukulawula itemperetsha, ukulawula ukuthi kuyiphi indawo yokuchitha, ukuthi kuyiphi indawo yokuvuleka, nokujabula ukuthi kuyiphi indawo yokubuyela kusukela kwezinto zokuchitha.

Kwesigaba sokuchitha nezinhlobo zokubhala, sizifuna:

• isigaba sokuvaleka nokuvakalisa;
• Amaphuzu okukhupha nokubuyela kwe-CIP;
• ivolumu yecircuit ne-flow yokuqondisa;
• umlando wokulandela;
• ukulungisa izindawo ezingavuliyo nezibhanchi ezingabuyi;
• ukuvikela phakathi kwezinto ezingachazwa, ezingachazwa ngokufanayo, nezinto ezingachazwa ngokufanayo;
• amarekodi okuchaza nokuphakamisa izindawo;
• izinto okuchazwa ngokushesha nokuthwasa kwezimpahla zomsebenzisi.

Izitanki zokuchaza nezisistimu zokufaka izifruit ziyadinga ukuzinikela kakhulu ngoba izihlangothi ne-visibility yezinto ziyakwenza ukuchaza kubaluleke kakhulu. Umkhakha wokuchaza wokuphela kufanele uqinisekiswe emkhakheni.

Lokhu kubaluleke uma umkhakha wamathuba amaningi ungenakwenzeka

Le ndawo iyasebenza uma:

• isilayi sikhundla esifanayo sizokwenza amilki esihlwayo kanye neyoghurthi eya kufa emathangini;
• ukulandela kwesikhathi sokuphuma kwe-milki kanye nokubhekisa kuyakwenzeka ngokugcina;
• isikhombiso sokuprodukha siyavumela ukuprodukha ngemiphakathi;
• umsebenzisi awuthanda ukuzweleka ngokomkhono ekuseni kwezinto ezimbili zokuprodukha;
• izinkambo zokusebenza kanye nezinkambo zokuhlwa kuzokwenzela izindawo ezimbili.

Amalayini okuhlanganiswa kungabili kakhulu uma izinto ezimbili kufanele zisebenze ngokuphelele ngokuphakeme kakhulu, uma kunezinkinga zokuhlanjwa kwezinye izinto ezinokuthi zibalekile, uma kunezinkinga zokuhlanjwa kwezinye izinto ezinokuthi zibalekile, uma izinhlobo zokupaka azikwazi ukulandela, noma uma isikhathi sokuchitha kuzokuthintela ukuprodukha.

Izinformesheni Ezidingekayo Ukubeka Isikhombiso

Beka:

1. ulisti yezinto zokuprodukha kanye ne-SKU;
2. ukuprodukha ngosuku ngalenyenye yezinto;
3. usayizi weqoqo kanye nesakhiwo sokushintsha;
4. isimo sokuqala sobisi olungavuthiwe noma ubisi oluyimpuphu;
5. ukwakheka okuphezulu kanye nobubanzi be-viscosity;
6. izinhlobo zamaphakethe, osayizi, kanye nomphumela odingekayo;
7. uhlelo lokushisa okubandayo nolokuhambisa;
8. izinsiza kanye nemikhawulo yamanzi angcolile;
9. ukudweba indawo nokuhlela izindawo zokuhlanzeka;
10. izidingo zokuzenzakalela, ukulandeleka kanye nokubika;
11. i-Weishu Project Scope kanye nezidingo zomthetho wendawo.

Lezi zingxenye zisenza sikwazi ukuphakamisa ukwabiwa kwethangi, amamojula abelwe, amamojula azinikele, ukuqondisa ama-valve, amasekethe okuhlanza, nesimiso sokukhiqiza esiqondile. Lapho kudingeka khona amandla okuthosa engeziwe, singakwazi ukuhlanganisa izintanki zokuphuziswa ekuhlelweni.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Ingabe i-pasteurizer eyodwa ingasebenza ekukhiqizeni ubisi ne-yogurt?

Ingakwazi, uma nje inendawo yayo yokusebenza, izilawuli, uhlelo lokugcina, uhlelo lokuhlanza, kanye nohlelo lokukhiqiza kusekela yonke inqubo yomkhiqizo eqinisekisiwe. Lokhu kufanele kuqinisekiswe umkhiqizo ngamunye.

Zingaki izitsha zokuvutshelwa ezidingekayo?

Bala impendulo ngokuya ngomthamo wansuku zonke we-yogurt, umthamo weqoqo elingasetshenziswa, isikhathi sokulungiselela, isikhathi sokuvutshelwa, isikhathi sokupholisa, isikhathi sokudlulisa nesikhathi sokuhlanza. Ungahluli amandla aphuma ngosuku ngomthamo wamathangi ongamagama kuphela.

Ingabe ubisi olungenamvubelo kanye nejogurt kungasetshenziswa into efanayo yokugcwalisa?

Ngezinye izikhathi, kodwa ukuqina, ukwakheka kwephakethe, ukunemba kokulinganisa, izidingo zokuhlanzeka, nesikhathi sokushintsha kungase kwenze ukugcwaliswa okuzinikele kube okuwusizo ngokwengeziwe. Qhathanisa amashejuli okusebenza nezidingo zokuhlanza ezingokoqobo.

Ingabe umkhiqizo weyogathi kufanele usebenzise ubisi olusha noma ubisi oluyimpuphu?

Noma yikuphi kungasetshenziswa lapho imithetho nemininingwane yomkhiqizo ikuvumela, kodwa izidingo zokwamukela, ukuxuba, ukufanisa, uketshezi nokulawula ikhwalithi ziyahluka. Chaza isu lezinto zokusetshenziswa ngaphambi kokukhetha imishini.

Iyini ingozi enkulu yokuhlela?

Ingozi evame kakhulu ezingeni lesistimu ukungafani: i-pasteurizer, amathangi, ama-fermenter, i-filler, isitoreji esibandayo, kanye nohlelo lwe-CIP ngamunye angabonakala elungile kodwa angakwazi ukusebenza ndawonye esimisweni esifanayo sansuku zonke.

Cela Ukubuyekezwa Kokusetha

Xhumana noWeishu  nge-product mix yakho, amavolumu nsuku zonke, osayizi beqoqo, uhlelo lwephakeji, izimo zokusetshenziswa, umdwebo wesitshalo, nemingcele yokuhlanza. Ithimba lethu lizosebenzisa le mininingwane ukuze lilungiselele uhlelo lokuqala lwezinto ezihlanganisiwe nezakhelwe eceleni ukuze kubuyekezwe ubuchwepheshe.