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A cikin ƙarshen abinci na al'umma, pasteurization ba wani tsari na yadda ake saukin kuma kuma ba suka dace ba. Zayi amfani da ƙarfi da lokacin pasteurization shirin yadda ake saukin kuma kuma yana da muhimmanci: tsarin yadda ake saukin kuma kuma yana da kyau don zama mafi yawa don gudanin safiya na abinci ta hanyar kusantar mutane na mafi kyau, amma yana da kyau don zama mafi yawa don gudanin rukuni na abinci, kuma vitaminai na abinci.
Don masu saukin abinci da abinci na kankara, wannan shirin yadda ake saukin kuma kuma yana da muhimmanci don tashin abubuwan da ke aiki. Idan kana saukin tsarin abinci na kankara na High-Temperature Short-Time (HTST) ko tsarin abinci na Ultra-High Temperature (UHT) na kankara mai zama mafi kyau, zayi amfani da Pasturayyanci kasa da Mashinai kiya tubular yana nufin fahimtar shirin yadda ake saukin kuma kuma yana da muhimmanci don inganta abubuwan da ke aiki. Wannan shirin yadda ake saukin kuma kuma yana bayyana yadda ake hisabinsa da yadda za a ziyarci abubuwan da ke aiki don masu saukin abinci.
Wanne ne shirin yadda ake saukin kuma kuma na pasteurization da ke amfani da su a duniya?
Kategori na kuma tsari na yadda ake gudanar da su ke bayani da kayan aiki na temperature na gaba daya da tsari na kuma aikin da aka yi. Tabili ta hagu ya nuna ma'aikatin da ake amfani da su a duniya daya na abubuwan da suka zama mai kyau don fahimtar wani abu:
| Kategori na kuma tsari | Aiki na abun da ke cikin gaba | Yadda tafin yaki | Waktu na karama | Yadda ake samun shi da kuma tsari |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LTLT (Vat / Batch) | Abubuwa mai yawa ta yadda ake gudanar da su, abinci mai kyau da milk na cheese | 63°C – 65°C | 30 minti | 5 – 7 rana (A cikin refrigerator) |
| HTST (Pasteurization) | Milk mai saukarwa ta hanyar pasteurization abubuwa mai kyau da juices | 72°C – 75°C | 15 – 20 seconds | 7 – 14 days (Refrigerated) |
| ESL (Extended Shelf Life) | Premium micro-filtered refrigerated milk | 125°C – 130°C | 2 – 4 seconds | 30 – 45 days (Refrigerated) |
| UHT (Sterilization) | UHT Long-Life Ambient Milk , Ƙwayoyi | 137°C – 142°C | 2 – 4 seconds | 6 – 12 watan (A cikin gida) |
| Ƙwayoyin kuma ƙwayoyin kura | Ƙwayoyin mai ƙarfi na kura da ƙwayoyin kura | 85°C – 95°C | 15 – 30 kudadi |
Za a saba amma yana daga pH/kuma kuma kuma |
Kullumai kuma kura: HTST vs. UHT
- Kullumai HTST: Anfara da suka raba shi don labaran madu na kwalla. Ta hanyar yin madu a cikin ƙarfi na 72°C don 15 seconds , alamari ya ci gaba da kuma yana taimaka wajen kare wasu dukkan bakteria na karkara, amma yana kare rashin fahimta na madu na kwalla da protein na immunoglobulin. Don haka, abin da aka samu yana bukatar kudin yankin kafin kwallon madu.
- UHT Processing: Anfara da suka raba shi don labaran madu na kwalla da kudin yankin. Ta hanyar yin ƙarfi na madu a cikin 137°C–142°C don 2 zuwa 4 seconds , alamari ya samu kudin kafin kwallon madu, ta kare dukkan bakteria da spores na kwallon ƙarfi. Wani lokacin da aka fiye da yanzu ba za a iya kare karama na madu don kare rashi, kuma yana kare 'rashin da aka sanya' kamar yadda ake so don kudin yankin.
Bukatar kallanin labaran abinci da kwallon madu
Ba tare da labaran madu na kwalla (pH > 4.6), labaran abinci suna da pH mai ƙarfi (pH < 4.6). Don haka, kallanin labaran abinci yana kara kudin kare kare enzyme (kamar pectinesterase) don hana kari kuma gudan yanzu da kari kuma gudan yanzu. Wannan yana bukatar kari na 85°C zuwa 95°C ga 15 zuwa 30 seconds 85°C zuwa 95°C ga 15 zuwa 30 seconds , tare da yadda yanzu ya kashe da yadda yanzu ya kashe.
Plate Pasteurizer vs. Tubular Pasteurizer: Yaya za a zaharci abin da ke ciki?
Yanzu da kari na yanzu da kari na yanzu suka daga, kuna bukatar zaharci abin da ke ciki na kari na yanzu. Weishu Kuna bukatar zaharci abin da ke ciki na kari na yanzu. Plate Pasteurizers da Tubular Pasteurizers , wadanda aka fuskantar su don yadda yanzu da yadda yanzu da yadda yanzu.
Yaya za a zaharci Plate Pasteurizer
Matsa na pasteurization ta zama da karami na steel na stainless mai tsanani, wanda ake daga cikin frame.
- Mafi dacewa ga: Hanyoyin da ke ƙarfi ƙarfi kuma ba su da abubuwa kamar milk na pasteurized mai gida, milk na skim, da juice na farko na fasaha .
- Fa'idodi: Ya ba mu ƙarfin kariya na yadda ya kamata a yi amfani da turbulent flow mai ƙarfi wanda ake samunsa ne a cikin chevron patterns a cikin plates. Wannan ya ba mu ratios na kariya (ta hanyar 90%+) , inda milk na pasteurized mai kariya ya sa kariya ga milk na raw mai sanyi, wanda ya rage kariya na steam a cikin plant. Kullum kuma yana da karami mai ƙarfi, kuma karamin ya iya rarraba da karami mai ƙarfi ta hanyar yin karami na plates a cikin frame.
- Kayan aiki na inginiya: Plates suna da gaps mai ƙarfi (ta hanyar 2–5mm). Hanyoyin da ke ƙarfi ko juice wanda suka da cells na fasaha ko fibers za su cire plate pasteurizer don yawa, wanda zai haifar da pressure spikes da shutdowns mai yawa don CIP cleaning.
Yadda ake zaune tubular pasteurizer
Tubular heat exchanger ya amfani da concentric multi-tube ko tube-in-shell profile inda abu na aikin ya tattara a cikin parallel tubes wanda suka tsatse da heating/cooling medium.
- Mafi dacewa ga: Production na UHT milk mai yawa a yanzu, pulpy juices, concentrates, da dairy products wanda suka da fat mai yawa.
- Fa'idodi: Saboda ba su da narrow contact points ko internal gaskets wanda suka dace da product stream, tubular pasteurizers zasu iya shigar da high pressures (ta yanzu 30–50 bar) da fluids wanda suka da pulp, fibers, ko small particles baya clog. Open inner tube geometry ya rage structural fouling a lokacin aggressive temperature transitions na UHT cycle , kuma yana ba da imkanin a rufe line ta hanyar continuous a lokacin production shifts mai yawa kafin a bukata CIP cycle.
Yaya Thermal Assembly ta tabbatawa holding time mai kyau?
Waktu na ƙasa shine abu ne da ake gani shi sosai a cikin tsari na kula da abinci. Idan milliliter guda daya na madara ya tashi daga tsarin kula da abinci (pasteurizer) yanzu da wani lokaci da ba a gane ba (15 seconds don HTST ko 2 seconds don UHT), duk bayanin da suka hada akan hankali da kula da abinci zasu ci gaba da matsaloli na hankali da kula da abinci.
Mantiqar inggantarai na kuma tsari na kula da abinci
Waktu na ƙasa ba a sanya shi da maki na lokaci ba; amma a sanya shi da wani abu na sanitarin da ke cikin tsarin kula da abinci wanda ake kira shi Tsarin kula da abinci . Tsari na wannan tsarin kula da abinci ana kuma shi da tsarin kula da abinci (V, a m³/h) da tsarin kula da abinci (A).
Don ganin "abinci da ke tashi kafin" a cikin tsarin kula da abinci a lokacin da ke tashi kafin, inggantarai sun sanya wani abu na kula da abinci (tsarin kula da abinci). Inggarai na Weishu sun kuma tsarin kula da abinci da tsarin kula da abinci (kamar 1:50) don kare abubuwa da ke tashi kafin da ke haɗa da tsarin kula da abinci, wanda zai haɗa da tsarin kula da abinci da kuma yana sa tsarin kula da abinci ya tashi kafin.
Kunna Kula Kafin Kafa Ta Fasaha Na VFD
Don zanen kamar yadda ake cirewa, gaba daya na mayi a cikin tumbu na cirewa yana bukatar yadda ake cirewa. Kuduncin Weishu na cirewa suka amfani da pumpu na karami ko pumpu na centrifugal na saniti na bayan da Kuduncin Na Fasaha Na Gaba (VFD) da aka raba da flowmeter na electromagnetic. Idan jinsi na amince ya gano kara ƙarfi ko canji na viscosity na mayi, PLC na Siemens zai canza gaba daya na pumpu a lokacin da ke cirewa don kula kafin kafa ta fasaha, don haka ba za a iya kafa ta fasaha a cikin tumbu na cirewa.
Yaya Zai Kashe Amincin Tsawon Tsawo Don Cirewa?
Kadan kadan na tsawo zai iya sanya shugaban cirewa. Idan tsawo ya kashe, zai iya sanya cirewa ta fasa ko zai iya kare maimakon bakteriya, amma idan tsawo ya fi, zai iya kare protein na milku ko zai iya kare sugar na abinci na kusa, wanda zai iya canza rukuni na abinci ko zai iya kare karamin kuduncin.
- Tsawo Na Lokacin Da Ke Cirewa Na PID Na Lokacin Da Ke Cirewa Na Siemens: Kuduncin na Weishu suka haɗa da Siemens S7-1500 PLC automation yana amfani da high-speed PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) algorithms. Yana tsaya ta hanyar da biyu na PT100 temperature sensors da pneumatic modulating steam valves, system din ya zama mai gano thermal fluctuations a lokaci daya. Idan pressure na steam ya canza, PLC ya kara canza position na valve a cikin milliseconds, yana nuna target pasteurization ko UHT temperature a cikin tolerance mai ƙarami ne. ±0.1°C .
- Tahimmun fayilin automatic flow diversion valve: A cikin wani lokaci mafi ƙarami na exit point na holding tube shine pneumatic three-way Flow Diversion Valve (FDV) . Idan temperature sensor a daga baya na holding tube ya taka kuma 0.1°C don baya na legal pasteurization setpoint, Siemens PLC ya kara trip FDV. Liquid mai ƙarami na temperature ya kara rika daga packaging lines da kara shiga ga raw balance tank don re-processing. Wannan safeguard mai amfani da automation ya nuna cewa product ba za a pasteurize ba za a shiga ga downstream filling systems na ku ba.
Kamar yaya za a shiga taliya da Weishu don karamin samun karamin pasteurizer?
AWeishu , muna gudanen kammalawa na fannin tsanani da ingantaccen kammalawa na fluid. Ba muna ba da mashin na gaba daya kuma; amma muna ba da halayen kammalawa na tsanani da suka dace da kayayyensu na raw material da suka dace da kayayyensu na bayanin abu.
- Kammalawa na tsanani da suka dace da abu: Idan abin da kuke so ya yi amfani da shi ya nemo kammalawa mai kyau, da karamin karamin Pasturayyanci kasa don labaran milk na gaba daya ko karamin pressure mai yawa Tubular UHT system don samun juice na gaba daya, karamin mu na ingantaccen kammalawa suna dace da chevron patterns na plates da tube profiles don kara yawan fluid dynamics da heat exchange rates.
- Kammalawa na automation na gaba daya: Pasteurizers na mu suna da control panels da suka dace da suka dace da components na Siemens, CIP/SIP cycling da suka dace da suka dace da data-logging arrays wanda suka ba da thermal tracing da suka dace da suka dace da regulatory audits.
- Samun karamin da gaba zuwa gaba: Daga kalkulatsin farko na tsakarar rafi da rubutun tashin kofin gaba daya zuwa samun kariya a cikin wani baya, saukin kofin gaba a wani baya, da tarainin al’umma, Weishu ya ba aiki mai kyau da kariya ta hanyar ‘turnkey’.
Samu tsarin kariyar ku na amfani da kariya
Kada ka yin fuskantar a cikin tsawon yadda kariya zai yi ko ayyukan kariya. Kammala mazauna mu na ingantaccen kuma bayyana dukkan abubuwan da suka nufi kariya, yadda abubuwa suna zama, da kuma bayanin kariya da suka nufi kariya. Sanya muku da Weishu Yau don samun tsarin kariya mai kyau da kariya ta hanyar ‘free’ da kariya ta hanyar ‘professionally calculated’ da kariya ta hanyar ‘detailed equipment investment quotation’.
Teburin Abubuwan Ciki
- Wanne ne shirin yadda ake saukin kuma kuma na pasteurization da ke amfani da su a duniya?
- Plate Pasteurizer vs. Tubular Pasteurizer: Yaya za a zaharci abin da ke ciki?
- Yaya Thermal Assembly ta tabbatawa holding time mai kyau?
- Yaya Zai Kashe Amincin Tsawon Tsawo Don Cirewa?
- Kamar yaya za a shiga taliya da Weishu don karamin samun karamin pasteurizer?
- Samu tsarin kariyar ku na amfani da kariya
